Black and White Art of Famous Building in Fort Lauderdale for Purchase

The history of Fort Lauderdale, Florida began more than 4,000 years ago with the inflow of the first ancient natives, and afterward with the Tequesta Indians, who inhabited the surface area for more than than a thousand years. Though control of the area changed among Spain, England, the Us, and the Confederate States of America, it remained largely undeveloped until the 20th century. The showtime settlement in the surface area was the site of a massacre at the beginning of the 2nd Seminole State of war, an event which precipitated the abandonment of the settlement and set dorsum evolution in the area by over 50 years. The first United States stockade named Fort Lauderdale was built in 1838, and subsequently was a site of fighting during the 2nd Seminole War. The fort was abandoned in 1842, subsequently the stop of the state of war, and the area remained well-nigh unpopulated until the 1890s.

The Fort Lauderdale surface area was known as the "New River Settlement" prior to the 20th century. While a few pioneer families lived in the area since the belatedly 1840s, it was not until the Florida East Coast Railroad built tracks through the area in the mid-1890s that any organized evolution began. The city was incorporated in 1911, and in 1915 was designated the county seat of newly formed Broward County.^[ane]

Fort Lauderdale's first major development began in the 1920s, during the Florida country blast of the 1920s. The 1926 Miami Hurricane and the Smashing Low of the 1930s acquired a great bargain of economic dislocation. When Earth War Ii began, Fort Lauderdale became a major United states of america Navy base, with a Naval Air Station to train pilots, radar and fire command operator grooming schools, and a Declension Guard base at Port Everglades. Subsequently the war ended, service members returned to the expanse, spurring an enormous population explosion which dwarfed the 1920s boom. In the 1970s, Ft. Lauderdale beach became a mecca for runaways and a grouping of approximately 60-150 runaways formed a group called "The Family",.Most resorted to little crimes to support themselves and others.^[2] Today, Fort Lauderdale is a major yachting center, one of the nation's biggest tourist destinations, and the centre of a metropolitan sectionalization of i.8 meg people.

Prior to 1820 [edit]

Frankee Lewis lands, New River Settlement

Archaeological testify indicates that the first natives in the Broward County area arrived approximately 4,000 years ago.^[iii] At the time of initial European exploration, the area was occupied by the Tequesta tribe of Native Americans. Contact by Spanish explorers beginning in the 16th century proved disastrous for native tribes, including the Tequesta, equally the Europeans unwittingly brought with them diseases to which the native populations possessed no resistance, such as smallpox. For the Tequesta, illness, coupled with standing conflict with their Calusa neighbors, contributed greatly to their decline over the next ii centuries.^[four] Past 1763, there were simply a few Tequesta left in Florida, and most of them were evacuated to Republic of cuba when the Spanish ceded Florida to the British in 1763, nether the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1763), which concluded the Seven Years' War.^[iii] Bernard Romans reported sighting many abandoned Tequesta villages when he visited the surface area in the 1770s.^[five] Afterwards, Florida returned to Spanish control nether the terms of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which ended the American Revolutionary State of war.

In the early on 18th century, Creek Indians had moved down from Alabama and joined the Oconee, themselves recent immigrants from Georgia; together, they formed the cadre of the Seminole tribe.^[5] Settlements by the English, and later on Americans, gradually pushed the Seminoles s. In 1788, roughly the same fourth dimension that the Seminoles began to arrive in what was eventually to become Broward County, two families arrived and prepare upwards homes along the New River—the Lewis family and the Robbins family unit, who had arrived in Florida from the Bahamas.^[4]

1820-1892 [edit]

Under the terms of the Adams-Onís Treaty, ratified in 1821 between Kingdom of spain and the United States, Florida was ceded to the United States in commutation for U.S. forfeiture of a $5 million debt owed by Spain.^[6] Florida became a U.South. Territory in 1821.^[6] By 1830, the de facto leader amidst the approximately 70 people living at the "New River Settlement" (present day Fort Lauderdale) was William Cooley. Cooley was appointed by Governor William Pope Duval as Justice of the Peace for the region.^[7]

In 1835, white settlers killed a Seminole primary named Alibama and burned his hut in a dispute. Equally Justice of Peace, Cooley jailed the settlers, but they were released afterwards a hearing at the Monroe County Court in Cardinal W; the justification was bereft bear witness. The Seminoles blamed Cooley, maxim he withheld testify. The growing uneasiness between the Seminoles and the whites led to the Seminole migration to the Lake Okeechobee area.^[viii] On 28 Dec 1835, a Seminole ambush known equally the Dade Massacre started the 2d Seminole War.^[6]

On iii January 1836, Cooley led a large shipwrecking expedition from the settlement to free the Gil Blas, a transport that had beached the previous September; the scale of the operation required most of the settlement'southward able men.^[eight] The following day, a grouping of 15 to twenty Seminoles invaded the Cooley firm, killed Cooley's wife and children, scalped the children'southward tutor, and burned the house to the ground.^{[eight] [9]} Although the Indians did not attack any other families, the massacre triggered the departure of the white settlers from the expanse.^[10] During the second Seminole State of war, Major William Lauderdale led his Tennessee Volunteers into the surface area. In 1838, Lauderdale erected a fort on the New River at the site of the mod metropolis of Fort Lauderdale (where SW 9th Avenue meets SW 4th Courtroom). Lauderdale left after one month, but his proper name remained. The Seminoles destroyed the fort a few months later.^[eleven] Two more forts were built sequentially, each closer to the sea.^[12] Afterwards the terminate of the 2nd Seminole War in 1842, the fort was abased, and the area remained largely empty, every bit the remaining Seminoles withdrew to Pino Island (near present-day Hollywood Seminole Indian Reservation),^[13] and just a handful of settlers were known to live in all of what eventually became Broward Canton.^[xiv] While the area was technically a part of the Confederacy during the Us Ceremonious State of war, the only known white settlers in the expanse during the state of war was pro-unionist Isaiah Hall and his family, who had been run out of Miami by pro-confederacy sympathizers in 1863, and settled on the New River.^[10]

Every bit there was no overland route into or out of the area, no significant settlement was undertaken until the 1890s. In 1892, however, the first route through the canton was built, when a road was constructed from Lemon Urban center, a settlement near the town of Miami, to Lantana, on the southern shore of Lake Worth, in Palm Beach County. A ferry crossing was established across the New River.

1893-1925 [edit]

Volition Stranahan (Frank'south brother) with Seminole Indians

In 1893 a young Ohioan named Frank Stranahan arrived to operate the ferry across the New River; he built a house that served equally the first trading post, postal service part, bank and hotel in the area. He later on built three more houses on the original site along present-day U.S. 1, the concluding of which was constructed in 1901. That firm stands today equally a museum and is Broward County's oldest standing structure. In 1896, the Florida E Coast Railway (FEC) extended its line south from West Palm Embankment to Miami, with a station in Fort Lauderdale. The first railroad train stopped in Fort Lauderdale on 22 February 1896.^[iv] Further development was spurred by the construction of the first automobile span across the New River in 1904.^[15]

Fort Lauderdale was incorporated in 1911. In 1915, it became the county seat of the newly established Broward County, which too consisted of the incorporated towns of Dania, Deerfield, Hallandale, and Pompano (all iv towns afterwards added "Beach" to their names) and the unincorporated settlement of Davie.^[1] The first census after the city's incorporation, the 1920 census, documented a population of ii,065.^[16] In 1920, construction of the beginning canals in the urban center began, immigration the mangroves and creating the outset "finger islands" that became synonymous with the urban center.^[10]

In February 1925, a state-commissioned census recorded 5,625 people in Fort Lauderdale,^[15] and a real-estate smash was in progress in South Florida. While the land rush was focused on the Miami area, communities throughout the region, including Fort Lauderdale, Pompano Beach and Boca Raton were swept up in the speculative ownership frenzy. A census undertaken by the urban center during the first week of Dec 1925 counted a population of 15,315, an increment of 300% in less than 10 months.^[15]

By the end of the yr, nonetheless, the region'south infrastructure, unable to cope with the sudden influx, began to crack under the strain. Faced with a supply of materials which far exceeded its shipping capacity, the FEC instituted an embargo on aircraft on 18 Baronial 1925, restricting transport to fuel, petroleum, livestock, and perishable goods. On 29 October, all shipments except foodstuffs were eliminated, in an effort to reduce the transport backlog the railroad was experiencing.^[17]

1926-1945 [edit]

Smugglers beingness captured in Fort Lauderdale, 1926

The Florida country boom collapsed in 1926. At that time, the only methods of bringing supplies into the area were on the FEC'due south single track or through the Port of Miami, equally Port Everglades was not still completed. On 10 January 1926, the schooner Prinz Valdemar sank in the channel of the Port of Miami, trapping eleven vessels and effectively blockading the port until 29 February, when the Ground forces Corps of Engineers dug a new channel around the capsized vessel.^[17] Real estate firms solely financed by continuous evolution began to fail, and the financial crunch began to extend to larger developers. The Miami Hurricane of 1926, with the highest sustained winds always recorded in the state of Florida,^[18] was the terminal blow. Fort Lauderdale suffered extensive damage from the hurricane, which killed fifty people and destroyed an estimated 3500 structures in the city.^[xviii] In Feb 1928, Port Everglades was opened.^[10]

The city had but begun to recover from the 1926 hurricane when another devastating hurricane struck, this time to the north, in Palm Beach County. The 1928 Okeechobee Hurricane only slightly damaged Fort Lauderdale, just the enormous death cost contributed to the perception that Florida was non the paradise that had been promoted by developers. When the Nifty Depression struck in 1929, it had little effect on the metropolis, which was already in a low from the existent manor bubble burst iii years earlier.^[19]

While the plummet of the land smash and the low had reversed the abrupt growth of 1925, the population of the city began to grow at a moderate step. In 1930, there were 8666 people in the city.^[20] That number had risen to 17,996 by 1940.^[21]

The United states of america did not enter World War II until 1941, but Fort Lauderdale felt the effect of the war sooner than most of the balance of the land. In December 1939, a British cruiser chased the German language freighter Arauca into Port Everglades, where she remained until the Usa seized her in 1941, when Germany declared war on the Usa.^[4]

The Japanese assail on Pearl Harbor and the United States' subsequent entry into the state of war had nigh immediate effects on the city. Blackouts were imposed, and several allied vessels were torpedoed by German U-boats, including at to the lowest degree one ship within sight of the shoreline. The first Medal of Laurels recipient in World War Ii was a graduate of Fort Lauderdale High Schoolhouse;^[22] 2d Lieutenant Alexander R. Nininger Jr. was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor on 29 January 1942 for his actions on 12 January 1942 in Abucay, Bataan, Philippines, during the Japanese invasion.^[23]

By mid-1942, the United States Navy had converted Merle Fogg Field into Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale, and had constructed 2 satellite landing fields, one at West Prospect Field, and the other in Pompano Beach (which later on became Pompano Embankment Airpark, abode of one of the Goodyear Blimps). By the stop of the state of war, the station had trained thousands of Navy pilots, including future congressman, UN Ambassador, Director of Central Intelligence, and President of the United States George H. Westward. Bush.^[24] Boosted facilities in the city included radar and range finding schools and a base of operations at Port Everglades.^[25] On 5 Dec 1945, the five planes of Flight 19 departed on a routine preparation mission from NAS Fort Lauderdale and were never seen again.^[26] It is presumed that the flight leader became disoriented and led the other planes out of range of land, causing the planes to run out of fuel and crash, but no wreckage has been found. The strange disappearance of the flying and the coincidental explosion which destroyed Training 49, a plane involved in a search for the missing squadron, contributed to the Bermuda Triangle myth.^[27]

1945–1961 [edit]

Fort Lauderdale's downtown skyline in 2006

In 1946, the Navy decommissioned its airfields in the surface area; NAS Fort Lauderdale became Broward County International Airport (later Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport) and Due west Prospect Field became Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport, the eleventh-busiest general aviation airdrome in the country.^[28]

1 year subsequently, the 1947 Fort Lauderdale Hurricane, an unusually big (120 mile radius) Category 4 hurricane, came ashore just north of the urban center, causing extensive damage due to flooding. Earlier storms that year had saturated the ground, and the tremendous rainfall from this slow-moving storm left the city (and much of the land) under several inches of water for weeks.^[29]

In the 1950s, the metropolis became a favorite destination for college students for spring suspension, a tradition immortalized in the 1960 film Where the Boys Are. Every twelvemonth in February, March, and April, tens of thousands of college students would come to relax at the beaches and party at the many bars along A1A.

Desegregation of Ft. Lauderdale's beaches [edit]

Starting in 1946, black residents, including the Negro Professional and Business concern Man's League and Dr. Von D. Mizell, requested that the Canton designate "a public bathing beach for colored people in Broward Canton";^{[30] : 21–22} they were non permitted at any public beach in the county, although they were tolerated on the privately endemic beaches north of Ft. Lauderdale until 1953.^{[30] : 21, 24} Nothing was done most a "colored beach" until 1954, when the county caused country for the beach, today Dr. Von D. Mizell-Eula Johnson State Park, merely it was only accessible past gunkhole and for several years there were no tables or rest rooms. A bridge and access route were constructed later 11 more than years, in 1965.^{[30] : 43}

In the meantime, to some extent inspired by the release of Where the Boys Are at the beginning of 1961, frustrated African-American residents, led by Eula Johnson, President of the Broward NAACP chapter, and Dr. Von D. Mizell, conducted a series of "wade-ins" (see sit-ins) on Ft. Lauderdale beaches between July 4 and August eight, 1961. The city of Fort Lauderdale sued them and the NAACP, seeking an injunction to force them to stop "beach wade-in disruptions". Johnson received expiry threats, and offers of greenbacks and other privileges if she would stop the wade-ins, which she refused to do. In 1962 a judge ruled against the city, and since and so Ft. Lauderdale'due south beaches have been desegregated.^{[30] [31]}

1962–nowadays [edit]

The 1960 Census counted 83,648 people in the metropolis, about 230% of the 1950 effigy.^[32] A 1967 report estimated that the urban center was approximately 85% developed,^[29] and the 1970 population figure was 139,590^[33] After 1970, as Fort Lauderdale became essentially built out, growth in the area shifted to suburbs to the west. As cities such as Coral Springs, Miramar, and Pembroke Pines experienced explosive growth, Fort Lauderdale's population stagnated, and the city actually shrank by almost iv,000 people betwixt 1980, when the city had 153,279 people,^[34] and 1990, when the population was 149,377.^[35] A slight rebound brought the population back up to 152,397 at the 2000 census.^[36] Since 2000, Fort Lauderdale has gained slightly over 18,000 residents through annexation of vii neighborhoods in unincorporated Broward Canton.^[37]

"Bound intermission-ers" no longer welcome [edit]

Later a rowdy 1985 spring interruption season, in which an estimated 350,000 higher tourists caused disruption for several weeks in the leap, the city passed a serial of restrictive laws in an endeavor to reduce the mayhem acquired past the spring break throngs, and the mayor, Robert Dressler, appeared on Good Morning America to tell college students they were non welcome whatever longer in Fort Lauderdale. Overnight parking was banned near the beach and an open-container law prohibiting the consumption of alcohol in public places was enacted. The following bound, the city denied MTV a permit to set up their phase on the beach, and approximately ii,500 people were arrested as the new laws were strictly enforced.^[38] In 1985, 350,000 college students spent about $110 million during the nine-week spring pause season; by 2004, 700,000 visitors, more often than not families or European tourists, spent $800 meg during the same period.^[39] By 2006, the number of college students visiting for spring pause was estimated at approximately 10,000.^[40]

Riverwalk project [edit]

Beginning in 1986, with the passage of a bond result, the city of Fort Lauderdale began an ambitious effort to connect the urban center's arts and entertainment district, the historic downtown expanse, and the Las Olas shopping and beach district, and to milk shake its long-standing reputation equally a cultural wasteland and college-student party boondocks. The centerpiece of the cultural renaissance was the Riverwalk project, which runs forth the New River from the Broward Center for the Performing Arts to the Stranahan House, with work in progress to extend the walk to Las Olas Boulevard.^[41] The Museum of Art | Fort Lauderdale, which moved into its current location in 1986, and the Museum of Discovery and Science, which opened in its current location in 1992, are cornerstones of the Riverwalk project. A number of upscale loftier-rise residential towers along the river have encouraged the development of loftier-cease shopping and entertainment throughout the downtown expanse.

Airport shooting [edit]

The Fort Lauderdale airport shooting resulted in five deaths.

See also [edit]

• Fort Lauderdale, Florida
• Timeline of Fort Lauderdale, Florida
• South Florida metropolitan area
• Broward County, Florida
• History of Florida
• New River, Broward County, FL

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} "The Cosmos of Broward County: Victory in Tallahassee" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 11 (3 and four): 6–viii. 1988. Retrieved 2007-07-02 .
2. ^ "Ft.Lauderdales'south Children of the Dark". Tropic Magazine. Miami Herald. October 9, 1977.
3. ^ ^{a b} Hughes, Kenneth J (1993). "Three Tequesta and Seminole hunting camps on the border of the Everglades" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Committee). xvi (3 and 4): 31–42. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
4. ^ ^{a b c d} McGoun, Bill (1978). "A History of Broward County" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 2 (3 and 4): fifteen–22. Retrieved 2007-07-03 .
5. ^ ^{a b} Bullen, Adelaide (1965). "24:Florida Indians of Past and Present". In Carson, Ruby; Tebeau, Charlton (eds.). Florida From Indian Trail to Space Age: A History. Southern Publishing Company. p. 331. OCLC 1414052.
6. ^ ^{a b c} "Exploring Florida:The Seminole Wars". Florida Center for Instructional Applied science, College of Pedagogy, University of South Florida. 2002. Retrieved 2008-01-22 .
7. ^ "Coastal History". Vone Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-xi. Retrieved 2007-07-03 .
8. ^ ^{a b c} Kirk, Cooper (1976). "William Cooley:Broward's Legend" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 1 (one): 12–xx. Retrieved 2007-06-26 .
9. ^ "i" (PDF). A true and authentic business relationship of the Indian state of war in Florida (PDF). New York: Saunders & Van Welt. 1836. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 2007-06-25 . ^{[ permanent expressionless link ]}
10. ^ ^{a b c d} "Broward Canton Historical Commission Timeline". Broward County Historical Commission. Archived from the original on 2007-04-27. Retrieved 2007-06-21 .
11. ^ Butler, Stuart (1981). "Records in the Military machine Athenaeum Division Which Relate to Southward Florida" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 4 (1 and 2): xi–20. Retrieved 2007-07-fifteen .
12. ^ Camp, Paul Eugen (1978). "Boredom, Brandy, and Grouse:Garrison Life at Fort Lauderdale, 1839-1841" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Committee). 2 (1 and ii): seven–12. Retrieved 2007-07-15 .
13. ^ Covington, James W. (1993). The Seminoles of Florida. Gainesville, Florida: University Printing of Florida. pp. 147, 156–57. ISBN0-8130-1196-5.
14. ^ Knetch, Joe (1988). "A second ending: Broward in the Indian scare of 1849" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 11 (3 and 4): 22–24. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
15. ^ ^{a b c} Kirk, Cooper (1985). "Foundations of Broward County Waterways" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward Canton Historical Commission). 8 (ane and ii): ii–eighteen. Retrieved 2007-07-14 .
16. ^ "Fourteenth Demography of the United States" (PDF). The states Demography Bureau. p. 99. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
17. ^ ^{a b} Carson, Ruby; Tebeau, Charlton, eds. (1965). "29:The Nineteen Twenties: Nail-Bust-Hurricanes". Florida From Indian Trail to Space Historic period: A History. Southern Publishing Company. pp. 59–60. OCLC 1414052.
18. ^ ^{a b} "Top 10 Atmospheric condition Events-Broward County". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2008-04-18. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
19. ^ "A Brief History of Florida: The Great Low in Florida". Florida Department of State, Division of Cultural and Historical Programs. Retrieved 2008-12-13 .
20. ^ "Fifteenth Census of the Us—1930—Population" (PDF). Usa Demography Bureau. p. 129. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
21. ^ "Sixteenth Census of the U.s.—1940—Population" (PDF). United States Census Agency. p. 139. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
22. ^ "Key society 2007-2008 guidebook: Sandy Nininger Medal" (PDF). Kiwanis International. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-07-fifteen .
23. ^ "World War Ii Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient 2nd Lt. Alexander R. Nininger Jr., US Army". Americans.cyberspace. Archived from the original on 2007-07-eleven. Retrieved 2007-07-05 .
24. ^ "Lieutenant Junior Grade George Bush, USNR". Department of the Navy, Navy Historical Social club. Archived from the original on 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2007-07-05 .
25. ^ George, Paul Due south. (1991). "Submarines and Soldiers: Fort Lauderdale in World State of war Ii" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward Canton Historical Committee). fourteen (ane and two): 2–xiv. Retrieved 2007-07-05 .
26. ^ McGreevey, Mary (1995). "Missing Flight nineteen: An Enigma" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward Canton Historical Commission). 18 (i and ii): 2–10. Retrieved 2007-07-15 .
27. ^ Rosenberg, Howard L (June 1974). "Exorcizing the Devil's Triangle". Sealift (half dozen): 11–15.
28. ^ "Florida Community Airports: Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport" (PDF). Standing Florida Aviation Systems Planning Procedure. June 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-22 .
29. ^ ^{a b} George, Paul S. (1991). "Downtown Fort Lauderdale: Its Demise and Renaissance in the Postal service-War Era" (PDF). Broward Legacy (Broward County Historical Commission). 14 (3 and 4): 9–nineteen. Retrieved 2007-07-17 .
30. ^ ^{a b c d} Crawford, Jr., William Thou. (2007). "The Long Hard Fight for Equal Rights: A History of Broward County'due south Colored Embankment and the Fort Lauderdale Beach 'Wade-ins' of the Summer of 1961" (PDF). Tequesta. Vol. 67. pp. nineteen–49.
31. ^ Joseph, Teresa (Feb 2, 2018). "Civil Rights Activist Eula Johnson's 'Wade-Ins' Ended Segregation in Fort Lauderdale Embankment". WTVJ (NBCMiami).
32. ^ "Demography of Population:1960 Florida-Volume I Role 11" (PDF). United states Census Bureau. pp. 11–9. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
33. ^ "1970 Census of Population" (PDF). Usa Census Bureau. pp. xi–12. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
34. ^ "1980 Census of Population" (PDF). U.s.a. Demography Bureau. pp. 11–20. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
35. ^ "General Population and Housing Characteristics, 1990". United States Demography Agency. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
36. ^ "Fact Sheet-Fort Lauderdale city, Florida". United states of america Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2007-07-01 .
37. ^ "Broward by the Numbers:Unincorporated Broward" (PDF). Broward County Planning Services Division. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-10. Retrieved 2007-07-xv .
38. ^ Weber, Janelle (thirty March 2001). "Fort Lauderdale says adieu to wild, youthful jump breaks". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-xv .
39. ^ Pigg, Susan (3 March 2005). "A City Grows Up". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-15 .
40. ^ Malernee, Jamie (5 March 2006). "Rising Cost of Hotels, Food a Buzz Kill for Spring Breakers". S Florida Dominicus-Sentinel. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-15 .
41. ^ "Riverwalk Fort Lauderdale Trust-About U.s.". Riverwalk Fort Lauderdale Trust. Archived from the original on 2007-04-03. Retrieved 2007-07-xv .

Bibliography [edit]

Further reading [edit]

• George, Paul S. (1989). "Country past the gallon: The Florida Fruitlands Company and the Progresso State Lottery of 1911" (PDF). South Florida History Magazine. No. 2. pp. 8–9.

External links [edit]

• Fort Lauderdale Historical Society official website

erhartdely1939.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida

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